Research answers question of planting priority: corn or soybean?
Planting date has a major influence on both corn and soybean yields. With only about half of May suitable for fieldwork in Ohio many years, producers often face a dilemma about which crop to plant first.
To address this question, Ohio State University researchers planted corn and soybeans on five dates ranging from early April to mid-June at three Ohio locations. The project was framed as Battle for the Belt, a friendly competition to engage farmers. Weekly videos were shared through the AgCrops Team newsletter and the Ohio State Agronomy YouTube channel. In 2023 and 2024, the team produced 82 videos totaling more than seven hours of content, attracting more than 22,000 views. In the videos, the scientists discussed crop injury, replant decisions, diseases, insects, yield estimation and seasonal updates.
Field trial data showed clear differences between optimal and delayed planting. Corn planted at the optimal time yielded an average of 100 bushels per acre more than later planted corn. Soybean planted at the optimal time yielded an average of 22 bushels per acre more than the crops planted at a later date.
Based on current commodity prices, these differences translate to approximately $425 per acre in corn and $224 per acre in soybean. These research findings were presented at in-person events reaching more than 1,000 farmers and through virtual Extension programs representing one million acres of production. Many participants said they were likely to adjust their planting dates in light of the research results. The estimated potential economic benefit from this work is $164 million over two years, with additional opportunities for impact through 2026.
Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; Ohio State University Extension | Project supported by private grants and contracts; USDA Capacity – Extension. Photo courtesy of Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center.
